Bangalore Stock Exchange：Using an agent or distributor

According to a 2021 Krungsri Research Report, there are over 17,593 Retail Outlets, Including 80 Department Stores, 390 Discount Stores, 480 SuperMarkets, and 17, and 17, and 17, and 17, 003 Convenience Stores in Thailand. Working Through WHOLESALERS and RETAILERS Promotes Better Market Coverage.

Distribution and Sales of Industrial Goods in Thailand Are Normally Conducted Through Two Channels: U.S. Exporter, to Thai Importer, to Thai End-Useru.s. Exporter. Directly to Thai End-User

The Selection of Distribution and Sales Channels Depends Largely on the Type of Product and The End-User. d have athai importer representing them locally. a local agent or distributor can resributoAnd parts replacement, and increase client confidence. Additionally, Clients Feel More Comfortable Day A Local Agent Oributor Since There Are No Language Ordance Barriers. The agent or distributor helps clients navigate cusoms procedures.

FURTHERMORE, only local agents, distributors, or manuoFactures' Branch Offices in THAILAND are eligible to bid on Routine GoverNDERS. ECTIONS in this chapter on "Selling Factors" and "Selling to the Government" for Detailed Information for International BiddersThen, then

For consumer goods, there are generally three distriction and sales channels: u.s. Exporter, to thai impactr, to thai end-useru.seru.s. Importer, To Thai WHOLESALER, RETAILER, and END-Useru.sBangalore Stock Exchange. Exporter, to Thai Retailer, to End-User

Perishable Consumer Goods tend to go through the first channel, which is the fastst. In this case, importers usually alsolesalersalersales. Non-Perishable consum Er Goods normally go through the second or Third Channels. The Second Channel Seems to Be the MOST FAVORD, Especially with Lower-Priced items. There are over over 18,490 Retail Outlets, Including 80 department start, 571 discount states, 498 supermarkets, and 1,7341 Convenience Stores in Thailand, According to Krungsri Research. WORKING Through WHOLESALERS and RETAILERS Will Promote Better MarketCOVERAGE.

Although Thai Law Does Not Require The USE of Local Agents or Distributors, It is One of the Most EFFICient and Effective Ways to Enter the Market In Thailand. A Key Aspect of Business Culture in Thailand is Interpersonal Relationships, Which Drive Business Development and Transactions.Thairand-Based Agents and Distributors are accountomomed to local business, Arket. In Addition, local agents and distributors typically manage regulatory affairs, acquire required import permits, Manage Customs Cleaarence, and handleOther logistics for U.S. Exporters.

U.S. Exporters Must Invest SUFFICIENT TIME and Attention in Selecting A Qualified Local PARTNER and PROVIDE Training and Technical SUPPPONT. Tact with LOCAL Representatives is Essential to Cultivating A Productive Workingship.

Recommended Ways to Locate An Agent or Distributor in Thailand: Use the Partner Search Service (IPS), IPS Plus Virtual IntroidIn Services, or GOLD Key (GKS) Available from the Commercial Section, U.S. Embassy Bangkok.order An IPS Report that PROVIDES AListing of Thai Companies that has interviewed and hand-selected by the commercialist residation for your mindry. ED Your Product Liticture and Company Profile and Expressed Significant Interest In Exploring A Potential Business Relationship with Your Firm. You Will VE ACompany Profile and Contract Information for Each Thai Company that Expresses Interest In your product or serviceS.shuld You Plan to Visit Thailand Following pt of the ips report, we recoming utilizing our gks. Under the GKS, a Commercialist will arrange one-on-One Meetings with Each Potential Thai Reprerentative, Arrange Hotel and Transportation, and Accompany You to Meetings. If you are not in a posity to travel Land But Wish to Have Face-Face Discussions with The Thai Candidates, We Can Arrange Virtual Meetingsby VideoConference Under Our Virtual IntRoduction Service. If you travel to the region to utilize one of our fee-based service, U to Consider Undertaking A Similar Service in Another Market. U.S. Commercial Service Staff At your Local Export Assistance Center Can HelpFacilities A Multi-Market Visit to the Region.Participation in Trade Exhibitions in Thailand Can Also Be An Effective Means to Test The Markate APPROPR Iate Agents or Distitors in Thailand. Contract the Commercial Section at the U.S. Embassy in Thailand More About ReGIONALTrade events.

The Primary Organizational Structures for Commercial Enterprises Are Sole Proprietorships, PARTNERSHIPS, LIMITED LIABILITY COMPANIES, Joint Ventures, or Foreign B RANCH Operations. The Organizational Structure is Similar in Nature to Those Found in the University; However, Limited Liability Companies are more of. y helpRather than Public Corporations.

There are three major forms of partnership in thailand: unregisterdered order partnershipregisterted orrtine partnershipd partnership

AS in the United States, Each Form of Partnership Has Different Levels of Liability for PARTNERS and DIFFERENT TAX CONSEQUENCES for The PARTNERS and PARTNERSHIPS. Lly, A Private Limited Company is Simialar to a U.SKolkata Investment. Privately Held Corporation, While The Latter May Offer Shares to thepublic.

Thailand also offers the possibility of establishing a representative or a regional office for companies engaged in non-revenue generating activities. Typically, these offices engage in market research and assessment, provide quality control and purchasing services to a foreign head office, or provide warranty supportServices for Products Sold by the Company's Head Office to the Thai Market.

When ESTABLISHING An Office, Individuals and Companies are Strongly Advised to Consult with Legal and Other Professional Advisors During Stage Business Planning to Ensure Compliance with All Applicable Laws and Regulations. American Firms Should Also Ensure ARESTRICTINS on Foreign Entity ipata ina particular sector, the WHETHER Import Licenses or Other Special Licenses Are Required, and Identify Special Incentives that May Be Available from Thai Organize Ch asrd of investment and the Industrial Estate Authority.

The U.S.-THAI TREATY of Amity and Economic Relations of 1833, Commonly Referred to as the time of amity, Allows U.S. Majority-OWNED Business S Incorporated in TO Operaate in Business Sectors General PROHIBITED for Foreign Firms, B.E. 2542 (1999). However, there are Still Government RESTRICTIONS in the Follow Areas: Communications, TRANSPORT, BANKING, Explootation of Land and Nature. RCES, and the Trade of DOFRICULTURAL PRODUCTS. To register under the time of amity, A U.S.Company Must Obtain Documents from the Commercial Section at the U.S. Embassy in Bangkok and File An Application with The Department of Commercial Registration of THE ai Ministry of Commerce.

For the Latest Investment Climate Statement (ICS) Which Includes Information Erating An Office and to Hiring Employees, Visit The U.S. Department of State ’s Investment climate statements website.

According to the Thai Fraanchise Center Report, Thailand's Fraanchise Business Grew 10 Percent Orom $ 7.96 Billion in 2022, Due Primarily to the Ding Tourism Market and Rising Consumer Confidence. Experts Forecast that the Fraanchise Industry Will Grow 2023 ComparedTo 10 Percent in 2022. This 20 percent group is a Result of the Sustaind Post-Covid Economic Recovery.

The Dine-in Restaurant Business EXPECTS To RecoVer and Generate Revenue up to $ 7.1 Billion in 2023 AFTER Reporting A Contraction in 2022 Due to Business News, Such AS I Mporting Specific Ingredients or Raw Materials. However, The Total Expected Value is Still Lower than BeFore ThePandemic. Franchisors Face AdDitional Challenges, Including Food SUPPLY-Chain Isues, Working Capital Challenges, Increased Global Energy Prices, and Low er revenue.

Anchoranchoranchoru.s. Brands Account for More than the Market for International Fraanchises in Thailand. IONS Offered by U.S. Fraanchis are Will Known to Potential Thai Investors. Franchising Fees Required by U.S. Companies Are Perceived As VeryHigh, and Start-UPS Require A Huge Capital Investment, Compared to the Local Franchises. 28 -$ 85,715.

Currency Fluctions Can Also Affect Attractiveness of U.S. Fraanchises. WHEN THE THE THAI BAHT Is Weak, Fewer Thai Investors Have the Financial Means to Apply For FR. Anchise Licenses, Set Up New Management Teams, and Operate U.S. Brands. Thai Investors Are Also Interest or SettingUp Joint Venture Companies with Well Well-Known Foreign Companies to Promote Brands and Accelerate Expanding Outlets Locally.

Demand for American Food Fraanchises in Thailand Are Driven by Expatrics and TOURISTS. Thailand's Vibrant Tourism ( Industry in ThaiIND. Moreover, service frames and Educational Fraanchises Have Increased by 33 Percent and 20 Percent Respectively Since 2005, account to theTHAI FRANCHISE Center. In Addition to OFFERING PRODUCTS and Services that Are Well-Liked by Thai Consumers, Identifying A Strong Local Partner, Pabilities and Experience in Franchising, is a key factor for future deverteropment oppointunities.

Direct Marketing is an effect. S, Including Online Advertisements, Email, WebSites, Cell Phones, Television, Catalogs, Radio, and Newspapers. As a Result of MobileApplication Development and Online Marketing, Marketers Can Effectively Connect and Engage with Potential Consumers. Keting. The Most Preferred Online Selling Channel is Facebook, Shopee Or Lazada, and Line. According to the Thai Direct Selling Association (TDSA), THAILAND's Direct Sales Contracted by One to Two Percent in 2021 Due to the HIGHEST DOMESTIC HOUSEHOLD Debt in 18 Years and Economic UnaTainty, Which Cau Sed Consuamers to Focus on Essential Goods. The TDSA Forecasted 3-5 Percent Growth in 2023.

With a sales volume of $ 1.4 Billion and the number of indicting sellers through 3.7 missing, Direct Marketing is widly user , Cosmetics, Cleaning, HouseHold items, Insurance (Life and Non-Life), and Electrical Appliances.Direct Sellers Must Adjust Their Strategies as they face increasing competition from e-complatia platforms.

Major Direct Marketing Companies from the United States Include Amway, NU SKIN, Herbal Life, Unicity Marketing, and Sunrider Internic. of Direct Marketing in the Thai Market, Poor Consumer Protection Laws and Enforcement Hinder Growth Potential in the Market.Still Need to be solved, Such as a Poor Product Quality, Loss During Delivery, Refund Policies, and Protection of Intellectual Property Rights.

Direct Marketing and Mail-Order Sales benefit from the use of indictable cards in Thailand. Credit Cards Stretch The Buying Power of Thai Consumers and FACILIT ATE RETAIL SALES Through Mail Orders, Social Media Platforms, and Electronic Commerce.Are Siam Commercial Bank, Kasikorn Bank, Krungthai Bank, and Bangkok Bank. Latforms and Mailder Campaigns Through their Networks of Discount Cardholders.Continue to gain population among consumers, especially in rural areas.

TV Home Shopping Continues to Be Popular in Thailand. More International Home Shopping Operators, Mainly from Soudh Korea, have Entected the Thai Market As Joint Ventures Th Local Retail Operators. However, Product Quality Is a Significant Concern for Most Buyers. Thai Consumers Tend toOrder Products Online for Convenience and Low Prices.

Joint Ventures (JVS) and Licensing Agreements Are Essential Market Entry Strategies for American Exporters to Thailand. In Many Cases, only way to overcome countly GHT Charges, High Tariffs, and Competition FROM Cheaper Local Goods is Via Local Production. Thailand's Civil and CommercialCode has a section on general contracts, which broadly Governs all contractual Business and transactions. E Public Companies Act and Foreign Business Act Include Provisions About Jv AgreementsBusiness Partners. Note that any contract provision that is deemed to be contrated to public order or moralic. Hnology Transfer, and Training Components Are Effective Mechanisms to Achieve Success.

MANY THAI FIRMS ACTIVELY SEEK U.S. JV PARTNERS that Bring Much Needed Capital, In Addition to Technical, Marketing, and Management Skills to the Business ONSHIP. Thai Firms May Bring Valuable Benefits Such As Local Vendor and Government Contorys and Established BusinessHips. Several u.S. Companieshave Entected Strategic JV Relationships with Thai Partners in Indochina and China.

The Commercial Section of the U.S. Embassy in Bangkok Can Aid American Firms Seeking Potential JV in Thailand Through Business Development Services.Udabur Stock

In Thailand, Airports Are Operated by Various Organizations Such as the Airport of Thailand Public Company Limited (AOT), department of Airports, Bangkok AirWays, AIRWAYS, A ND Royal Thai Navy.Airport, Which are designated as the country's main Airport, server 119,821 Flights, Accommodated 11.7 Million Passengers, and Facilitated 1.19 Million Tons of F F F f Reight in FY 2022 (October 2021 -September 2022).

In FY 2022, The Number of Aircraft Movements for Freight at Major International Airports Reached 137,497 Flights with Total Passeme of 13 Million ERS. The topal footight and postal paracel volume amountod to 1,198,652 Tons.Recover post-pandemic.

Table: Cost of Express Postal Service from Bangkok, Effective January 2, 2023

(Rates Exclude Special Fee and Fuel Surcharge)

(Exchange Rate: 1us $ = 35 Baht)

American Buyers and Investors Considering Business Ventures in Thailand Should Should Shoulious and Conduct Diligence Entering InTo Legal Agreements. Anies may lack transparency in their accounting planchs. The Commercial Section at U.S. Embassy in Bangkok Offers the International Company (ICP), ADue Diligence Service that Provides BaCKROUND Information on Thai Firms.

The report provides an in-deflersic background check, including an overalview of Business Operations, a list of key management performance, Customer References, Bu siness operating consitions, and Financial statements. U.S. Companies can alsola Obtain Financial Background On Thai Firms Registerd with TheThai Ministry of Commerce. More Information on the SERVIES PROVIDID BYE U.S. Commercial Service in Thailand is available on the interior adiministic On website u.s. department of commerce website under "virtual service".

U.S. Exporters and Investors Should Hire Professional Service PROVIDERS, SUCH As Accountants, Lawyers, ASSET APPRAISERS, and Other Experts to Check The THAI F IRM ’s Bona Fides. SEVERAL Leading American Accounting and Consulting Companies with Diligence Expertise Are Active in Thailand.

For Thai Firms Listed on the Stock Exchange of Thailand (Set), Quarterly and Annual Business Data is available Through the Set and The Securities and Exchange C. ommission (sec). The department of Business Development at the Ministry of Commerce is a good source of informationfor non-Listed Companies or Prively Owned Firms.